想去英國留學(xué)，首先雅思成績是必不可少的。雅思考試有很多模塊，就作文而言，高分句型不是大段大段分句組成一句話的代名詞，從句固然是高分句型的一種，但是高分句型只有從句嗎？學(xué)習(xí)雅思時(shí)，老師或許會(huì)說到不能為了得高分而使用復(fù)雜句式，要因文章而異，為了復(fù)雜而復(fù)雜是不可取的。今天，優(yōu)越教育帶你一起看看哪些句子看似簡單，但一樣能為你取得高分吧。
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考官評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中最后一項(xiàng)GRA (grammatical range and accuracy)，明確考察的是學(xué)生寫英語句子多樣性和準(zhǔn)確性的能力，即測試考生簡單句和復(fù)雜句的綜合運(yùn)用能力。
而中國考生也知道句式表達(dá)要多樣性，但很難參透具體如何操作才能讓自己的句子豐富多樣，結(jié)果是普遍句式比較單一，寫到復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)往往就是堆斥各種從句，似乎除了從句再無其它復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)可寫。
事實(shí)上，劍橋考官的范文中，復(fù)雜句的數(shù)量寥寥可數(shù)，很多時(shí)候都是把簡單句進(jìn)行了華麗的包裝，今天就來看看考官喜歡的“高分句型是什么樣的，和你想象的是不是有差距！
1.狀語前置
所謂狀語前置就是把狀語(副詞，介詞短語，分詞，不定式)放到句首?？脊贂?huì)頻繁使用這種語法結(jié)構(gòu)，而很多考生卻沒有意識(shí)，這種句式通過一堆長句子中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)小短語，可以讓句子產(chǎn)生長短結(jié)合的緊湊感，實(shí)例如下：
1)Unfortunately, professionals from otherfields who make a much greater contributions to human society, are paid so muchless that it is hard to disagree with the statement.
2)Obviously, education systems are based onthe belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire differentskills.
3)Like self-awareness,this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factorsthat may be most important for achieving happiness.
4)As a result of mediaattention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities.
5)With the politicalwill, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce.
6)Struggling inpoverty, people in these countries believe international aid is essential andshould be continued.
7)To do this, we needto improve the choice of public transport services available to individuals.
8)To become successful,more skills and dedication are required.
2.句中插入短語
和狀語前置類似，長句子中間插入一個(gè)小短語，可以讓句子讀起來更輕松靈活?？脊賹?shí)例如下：
1)This will affect the job market, which, afterall, is a key target in any economic plan.
2)Sports stars and pop stars,for example, are soon replaced by the neat younger, more energetic generation.
3)So overall, I believethat, attending schools from a young age is good for most children.
4)Universities, when itis functioning well, should offer both theoretical knowledge as well asprofessional training.
3.倒裝句
這種語法現(xiàn)象考生都學(xué)過，但往往在作文中忘記或沒有意識(shí)使用。先看兩個(gè)例子：
1)Parents should spend time on theirchildren. They should also communicate with them.
2) We can never losesight of the significance of education.
這兩個(gè)句子沒有任何錯(cuò)誤，但都很單調(diào)平淡，如果使用倒裝，效果就不一樣了。
第一句可以用not only /but also 句型來改寫成倒裝句：Not only should parents spent time on their children, they are alsoadvised to interact with them.
第二句可以否定詞提前，強(qiáng)調(diào)突出“不可忽視”。On no account/by nomeans/ in no way/never can we lose sight of the significance of education.
考官范文中的倒裝例子并不多，主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾種情況中：
1)Only in this way can this problem beeffectively solved.
2)We can see that not only are there verylarge differences between these economies, but that these gaps are widening.
3)Strange as it may seem, parents’ attention sometimeshinders students’academic development.
4)Equally important to success in learning a foreignlanguage is constant attention to details.
考生在平時(shí)的語言積累和寫作練習(xí)中，可以多模仿這幾種固定句式，在文章中穿插1-2句倒裝句。
4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句
強(qiáng)調(diào)句的句式框架結(jié)構(gòu)為It is+(被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分) that/who+(句子剩余成分), 類似于中文的“正是…導(dǎo)致了…”的意思。例如，考官范文中的例句：
1)It is the interaction of the two thatshapes a person’ personality and dictates how that personalitydevelops.
2)It is only those who reach the very top of theirprofession who can get these huge salaries.
強(qiáng)調(diào)句式是考生比較難把握的一種句型，容易和it引導(dǎo)的形式主語相混淆，其實(shí)我們可以通過去掉It is… that…/It is…who…的框架看剩下的是否是一個(gè)完整的句子來判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句寫的是否正確。
考生可以以通過以上幾種句式結(jié)構(gòu)的介紹，搭配簡單句去使用，讓句式靈活多變，例如：
“二十世紀(jì)末科技的繁榮，人們開始廣泛使用電腦”
這句話可以分別用以上介紹的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來變化表達(dá)法，使句子做到豐富多變，不再單一重復(fù)：
1)witness 句型
Thelate 20th century witnessed the prosperity in science and technology, thusgiving rise to the wide application of computers.
2) With 結(jié)構(gòu)狀語前置
With the prosperityin science and technology in the late 20th century, computers were widelyapplied.
3) 倒裝句
So flourishing wasthe science and technology in the late 20th century that computers were widelyapplied in various fronts.
4) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句
Itwas the prosperity in science and technology in the late 20th century that gaverise to the wide application of computers.
5.平行結(jié)構(gòu)
嚴(yán)格來講，平行結(jié)構(gòu)并不屬于特殊句式，而是英語語法的規(guī)范要求，但是由于遵守這個(gè)基本語法規(guī)則的中國考生太少了，平行結(jié)構(gòu)也升級成了一種“特殊句式”。這種結(jié)構(gòu)的使用在考官范文里出現(xiàn)較多，最常見的形式是在表示并列關(guān)系的連接詞，例如 and/or等的前后兩側(cè)用名詞對名詞，形容詞對形容詞，動(dòng)詞不定式對動(dòng)詞不定式，分詞短語對分詞短語，從句對從句…比如：
1)Satisfaction is alsoincreased by a sense of responsibility for and loyal to a team.
2) Even when childrenuse a computer for other purposes, such as getting information or emailingfriends, it is no substitute for human interaction.
3)Some essays are hardto understand not because they are long but because they are obscure.
4)They will certainlybe the first th help children learn what is important in life, how they areexpected to behave and what role they will play in their world.
劍橋考官在范文中對于平行原則都是嚴(yán)格遵守，考生在這個(gè)寫作細(xì)節(jié)句式上希望也可以向官方范文看齊。
看到這里 同學(xué)們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，考官范文以及官方劍橋書后的高分范文里，各種復(fù)雜句式并不是高分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對文章的整體把握，合理運(yùn)用各種句型，保證文章的邏輯以及流暢性才是最主要的。
當(dāng)然語法結(jié)構(gòu)正確也是必不可少的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一！同學(xué)們在備考寫作是應(yīng)當(dāng)注意這一點(diǎn)，避免重度使用復(fù)雜句式而無略了文中提到的其他評分點(diǎn)。
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